Rabu, 14 Desember 2011

Chapter 20: International Human Resource Management and Labor Relations

  1. Human Resource Management (HRM)

Set of activities directed at attracting, developing, and maintaining the effective workforce necessary to achieve a firm’s objective

Differences in culture, levels of economic development, and legal systems among countries may force changes in HRM systems

  1. The International Human Resource Management Process

HRM’s Strategic Content

Recruitment and Selection

Training and Development

Performance Appraisal

Compensation and Benefits

Labor Relations

Contribution to Organizational Effectiveness

  1. International Managerial Staffing Needs

Staffing Issues

    1. Recruiting
    2. Training
    3. Retaining

Staffing Categories

    1. Managerial and Executive Employees
    2. Non-managerial Employees

  1. Scope of Internationalization

Size of staffing tasks depends on scope of firm’s international involvement

    1. Export department
    2. International division
    3. Global organization

  1. Centralization versus Decentralization
    of Control

Centralized firms

    1. Favor home country managers
    2. Most common amongst international division form

Decentralized firms

    1. Favor host country managers
    2. Most common amongst multidomestic firms

  1. Staffing Philosophy

- Parent Country Nationals (PCNs)

- Host Country Nationals (HCNs)

- Third Country Nationals (TCNs)

  1. Strategies for Staffing

- Ethnocentric staffing model

- Polycentric staffing model

- Geocentric staffing model

  1. Necessary Skills and Abilities for International Managers

Improved Chances of Succeeding in An International Job Assignment :

v Skills and Abilities Necessary to Do The Job

- Technical

- Functional

- Managerial

v Skills and Abilities Necessary to Work In a Foreign Location

o Adaptability

o Location-specific skills

o Personal characteristics

  1. Recruitment

- Experienced Managers

- Younger Managers

  1. Managerial Selection

- Managerial competence

- Appropriate training

- Adaptability to new situations

  1. Culture Shock

Psychological phenomenon that may lead to feelings of fear, helplessness, irritability, and disorientation

  1. Phases in Acculturation

Honeymoon

Disillusionment

Adaptation

Biculturalism

  1. Training and Development

Assessing training needs

Basic training methods

    1. Standardized
    2. Customized

Developing younger managers

  1. Performance Appraisal

Process of assessing how effectively people are performing their jobs

Purpose

    1. To provide feedback to individuals about how well they are doing
    2. To provide a basis for rewarding top performers
    3. To identify areas in which additional training and development may be needed
    4. To identify problem areas that may call for a change in assignment

  1. Compensation Packages

Include salary and nonsalary items

Determined by

    1. Labor market forces
    2. Occupational status
    3. Professional licensing requirements
    4. Standards of living
    5. Government regulations
    6. Tax codes

  1. Differential Compensation

Cost-of-living allowance

Hardship premium or foreign-service premium

Tax equalization system

  1. Labor Relations

- Labor relations in a host country often reflects laws, culture, social structure, and economic conditions

- Union membership may be high

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